A Roadmap to Clinical Assessment and Evaluation of Autism Spectrum Disorder

Medical/neurological evaluation is mandatory. • Head circumference (e.g., microcephaly in Rett’s), dysmorphism in syndromic ASD (e.g., phakomatosis, mitochondrial encephalopathy) • Electroencephalography ‐for epileptiform discharges or seizures (typically bimodal, 8‐21.5% have epilepsy and more in females)[3] also indicated in regression and Landau–Kleffner syndrome • ENT evaluation should be done using audiometry • Genetic testing includes FMR‐1, TSC, and MeCP‐2. Array comparative genomic hybridization detects deletion/ duplication syndromes and copy number variants identifying 7%–10% of ASD • Aberrant eating (food selectivity and abnormal stool pattern in 70%) and sleeping patterns (polysomnography might be indicated) should be noted and finally dental hygiene should be checked. Lead level might be measured with suspected pica.